隨著手板行業(yè)的逐漸成長(zhǎng)，在制造工藝上也日益更新，有3D打印：也有硅膠復(fù)模。但是CNC加工仍然是常見(jiàn)的生產(chǎn)零件的方式。目前常見(jiàn)的CNC加工手板模型的方法有如下幾種：

With the gradual growth of the handicraft industry, the manufacturing process is also increasingly updated, including 3D printing and silicone replica. But CNC machining is still a common way to produce parts. At present, there are several common methods for CNC machining of hand board model

1.車(chē)削

1. Turning

車(chē)削簡(jiǎn)單地涉及將工件牢固地夾緊在旋轉(zhuǎn)板或心軸上。當(dāng)工件旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，切割工具抵靠它固定在安裝在移動(dòng)滑動(dòng)件上的固定裝置中。滑塊可以沿著工件的長(zhǎng)度上下移動(dòng)，以及更接近或遠(yuǎn)離線(xiàn)，這種簡(jiǎn)單的操作是理想的快速去除大量的材料。此外，安裝在車(chē)床尾座上的鉆頭可以鉆出精確的孔；車(chē)床用于在圓形部件的外周上形成同心形狀；在車(chē)床上制造槽，環(huán)槽，臺(tái)階肩，內(nèi)螺紋和外螺紋，圓柱體和軸-許多圓形或圓形特征。

Turning simply involves clamping the workpiece firmly to a rotating plate or spindle. When the workpiece rotates, the cutting tool is fixed against it in a fixed device installed on the moving sliding part. The slider can move up and down along the length of the workpiece, and closer to or away from the centerline. This simple operation is ideal for rapid removal of large amounts of material. In addition, a drill bit mounted on the tailstock of a lathe can drill precise holes; a lathe is used to form concentric shapes on the periphery of circular parts; and a lathe is used to make grooves, ring grooves, step shoulders, internal and external threads, cylinders and shafts - many circular or circular features.

2.銑削

2. Milling

銑削與根本不同在于工件保持靜止并且切削工具在心軸上旋轉(zhuǎn)。工件通常水平地保持在機(jī)器虎鉗中，安裝在沿X和Y方向移動(dòng)的工作臺(tái)上。主軸可夾持各種刀具，并在X，Y和Z軸上移動(dòng)。銑刀用于制造正方形/平面，凹口，倒角，通道，型材，鍵槽和其他依賴(lài)于精確切割角度的特征。與所有金屬加工操作一樣，切削流體用于冷卻工件和切削工具，用于潤(rùn)滑，并沖走金屬顆粒或切屑。

Milling is fundamentally different from milling in that the workpiece remains stationary and the cutting tool rotates on the spindle. The workpiece is usually held horizontally in the vice of the machine, mounted on a table moving in the X and Y directions. The spindle can hold all kinds of tools and move on the X, y and Z axes. Milling cutters are used to make squares / planes, notches, chamfers, channels, profiles, keyways and other features that depend on the precise cutting angle. As in all metalworking operations, the cutting fluid is used to cool the workpiece and cutting tools, to lubricate, and to wash away metal particles or chips.
             

3.磨削

3. Grinding

磨削在金屬部件上制造非常平坦的表面對(duì)于許多應(yīng)用是重要的，并且制造這種精確表面的方式是使用研磨機(jī)。研磨機(jī)是用具有特定粗糙度的磨料砂粒覆蓋的旋轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)。工件安裝在工作臺(tái)上并且在砂輪下方的滑動(dòng)臺(tái)上橫向來(lái)回移動(dòng)，或者有時(shí)在砂輪移動(dòng)時(shí)保持穩(wěn)固。取決于被研磨的材料，使用不同類(lèi)型的研磨劑。研磨過(guò)程的熱和機(jī)械應(yīng)力可能不利地影響工件，因此必須小心控制工具速度和溫度。

Grinding is important for many applications to produce very flat surfaces on metal parts, and the way to produce such accurate surfaces is by using a grinder. The grinder is a rotating disc covered with abrasive grains with a specific roughness. The workpiece is mounted on the worktable and moves horizontally back and forth on the sliding table under the grinding wheel, or sometimes remains stable when the grinding wheel moves. Depending on the material being ground, different types of abrasives are used. The thermal and mechanical stresses in the grinding process may adversely affect the workpiece, so the tool speed and temperature must be carefully controlled.

4.EDM

4.EDM

固體EDM用于在硬化工具鋼內(nèi)部制造凹坑，孔和正方形特征，即使不是不可能，也難做出任何其它方式。它通常用于塑料注射和壓力模鑄的模具，很少用于成品件本身。EDM還用于在模具上制作紋理表面或凹陷（凹陷）字母和標(biāo)志。

Solid EDM is used to make pits, holes and square features inside hardened tool steel, and it is difficult, if not impossible, to make any other way. It is usually used in plastic injection and pressure casting mold, rarely used in the finished product itself. EDM is also used to make textured surfaces or depressed (depressed) letters and marks on molds.

5.線(xiàn)切割

5. Wire cutting

線(xiàn)切割使用銅線(xiàn)作為高壓電荷的導(dǎo)體。由于導(dǎo)體在切割過(guò)程中被穩(wěn)定地腐蝕，新線(xiàn)從線(xiàn)軸供給。這種技術(shù)需要通過(guò)，并且不能用于盲孔。線(xiàn)切割用于厚的，硬化的工具鋼上以制造圓形或半圓形特征，這將非常難以用常規(guī)切削工具制造。

Wire cutting uses copper wire as a conductor of high voltage charges. As the conductor is steadily corroded during the cutting process, new wire is supplied from the spool. This technique needs to pass through and cannot be used for blind holes. Wire cutting is used on thick, hardened tool steel to produce circular or semicircular features, which will be very difficult to manufacture with conventional cutting tools.

6.光學(xué)研磨

6. Optical grinding

光學(xué)研磨我們只討論加工金屬，但CNC加工也用于制造玻璃或塑料的特殊光學(xué)。光學(xué)器件需要非常精細(xì)的表面，具有非常緊密的公差，因此使用專(zhuān)用的磨削設(shè)備，在多個(gè)軸上旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)使磨削輪相對(duì)于表面旋轉(zhuǎn)。

Optical grinding we only discuss metal processing, but CNC processing is also used to make special optics for glass or plastic. Optical devices require very fine surfaces with very tight tolerances, so special grinding equipment is used to rotate the grinding wheel relative to the surface when rotating on multiple axes.

通過(guò)使用以上幾種手板模型的制造加工方法，很多手板加工廠(chǎng)加工出來(lái)的CNC產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量得到了飛速的改良，從而走向了全世界。

Through the use of the above several manufacturing methods of handboard model, the quality of CNC products processed by many handboard processing plants has been rapidly improved, thus moving to the world.